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After acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), a pancreatic fistula may occur from disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) where a segment of the pancreas is no longer in continuity with the main pancreatic duct. To study the ou...
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After acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP), a pancreatic fistula may occur from disconnected pancreatic duct syndrome (DPDS) where a segment of the pancreas is no longer in continuity with the main pancreatic duct. To study the outcome of patients treated using Roux-Y pancreatic fistula tract-jejunostomy for DPDS after ANP. Between 2002 and 2011, patients treated for DPDS in the setting of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or magnetic resonance cholangiopanreatography (MRCP) documented main pancreatic duct disruption with Roux-Y pancreatic fistula tract-jejunostomy. In all, seven patients with DPDS were treated. The median age was 62 years (range 49-78) and five were men. The cause of ANP was gallstones (2), alcohol (1), ERCP (1) and idiopathic (3). Pancreatic necrosectomy was done in six patients. Time from onset of pancreatitis to fistula drainage was 270 days (164-365). Pancreatic fistulae arose from DPDS in the head/neck (4) and body/tail (3). Patients had a median fistula output of 140 ml (100-200) per day before surgery. The median operative time was 142 min (75-367) and estimated blood loss was 150 ml (25 to 500). Patients began an oral diet on post-operative day 4 (3-6) and were hospitalized for a median of 7 days (5-12). The median follow-up was 264 days (29-740). Subsequently, one patient required a distal pancreatectomy. After surgery, three patients required oral hypoglycaemics. No patient developed pancreatic exocrine insufficiency. Internal surgical drainage using Roux-en-Y pancreatic fistula tract-jejunostomy is a safe and definitive treatment for patients with DPDS. ? 2011 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association.
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This study aimed to determine current practice in the management and outcome of splanchnic vein thrombosis complicating acute pancreatitis (AP). An audit of prospectively collected data for all patients presenting with AP was cond...
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This study aimed to determine current practice in the management and outcome of splanchnic vein thrombosis complicating acute pancreatitis (AP). An audit of prospectively collected data for all patients presenting with AP was conducted. Patients with splanchnic vein thrombosis were grouped according to vessel involvement and whether or not systemic anticoagulation was administered. Of 127 consecutive patients admitted with AP, 20 had splanchnic venous thrombosis; in all cases the thrombosis was associated with a severe attack of AP. Involvement of the splenic vein (SV), portal vein (PV) and superior mesenteric vein (SMV) was observed in 14, 10 and three patients, respectively. Involvement of more than one vessel was observed in six patients (SV and PV in four patients; SMV and SV in one patient; all three veins in one patient). Thromboses were colocalized with collections in 19 patients. Only four patients received systemic anticoagulation. Resolution of thrombosis was observed in six patients over a median of 77 days. No significant differences were observed in recanalization rates following anticoagulation (P= 0.076). No complications associated with systemic anticoagulation occurred. One patient developed liver failure associated with progressive PV thrombosis and one patient died. Splanchnic vein thrombosis is a relatively common observation in severe AP and is associated with pancreatic necrosis and peripancreatic collections. Recanalization is observed in almost a third of patients, irrespective of whether or not they receive systemic anticoagulation. ? 2011 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association.
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Acute pancreatitis begins as acute pancreatic injury and may generate a systemic inflammatory response that evolves into multiorgan failure, leading to death. Multiple inciting factors such as toxins (alcohol), gallstones, or endo...
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Acute pancreatitis begins as acute pancreatic injury and may generate a systemic inflammatory response that evolves into multiorgan failure, leading to death. Multiple inciting factors such as toxins (alcohol), gallstones, or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography result in a cascade of events beginning with the intra-acinar activation of zymogens and the release of cytokines and other proinflammatory mediators. Their release is a major determinant of the systemic inflammatory response and distant organ failure. Attempts to attenuate the severity of acute pancreatitis by blocking specific inflammatory mediators have had limited success. This review is divided into experimental acute pancreatitis and clinical acute pancreatitis. The distinction is maintained because although animal models of disease have helped define the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis, they do not completely reproduce the clinical syndrome of human acute pancreatitis or guarantee equal success of therapies in humans. < copyright > 2002 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
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Treatment of acute pancreatic pseudocysts (APP) after an episode of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains controversial. Both population heterogeneity and limited numbers of patients in most series prevent a proper analysis of t...
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Treatment of acute pancreatic pseudocysts (APP) after an episode of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains controversial. Both population heterogeneity and limited numbers of patients in most series prevent a proper analysis of therapeutic results. The study design is a case series of a large, tertiary referral hospital in the surgical treatment of patients with APP after SAP. An institutional treatment algorithm was used to triage patients with complicated APP and organ failure based on Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores to temporizing percutaneous or endoscopic drainage to control sepsis and improve their clinical condition before definitive surgical management. Over a 10-year period of study (December 1995 to 2005), 73 patients with APP after an episode of SAP were treated, 43 patients (59%) developed complications (infection 74.4%, perforation 21%, and bleeding 4.6%) and qualified for our treatment algorithm. Percutaneous/endoscopic drainage was successful in controlling sepsis in 11 of 13 patients (85%) with severe organ failure and allowed all patients to undergo definitive surgical management. The morbidity (7 vs 44.1%, P = 0.005) and mortality rates (0 vs 19%, P = 0.04) were significantly higher in complicated vs uncomplicated APP. Acute pancreatic pseudocysts after SAP are unpredictable and have a high incidence of complications. Once complications develop, there is a significantly higher morbidity and mortality rate. In complicated APP with severe organ failure, percutaneous/endoscopic drainage is useful in controlling sepsis and allowing definitive surgical management.
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Some infectious organisms may give rise to acute pancreatitis; brucellosis, however, extremely rarely leads to acute pancreatitis. A 40-year-old man was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, the etiology of which was determined to be...
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Some infectious organisms may give rise to acute pancreatitis; brucellosis, however, extremely rarely leads to acute pancreatitis. A 40-year-old man was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, the etiology of which was determined to be acute brucellosis. The patient was discharged without complications approximately 15 days after the initiation of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and doxycycline treatment. Brucella infections may rarely be complicated by acute pancreatitis. Thus, brucellosis should be remembered in the etiology of acute pancreatitis in regions such as Turkey, where Brucella infections are endemic.
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a standard treatment method used for the treatment of renal calculi and upper ureteral calculi. Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition which develops due to multiple etiologic fac...
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is a standard treatment method used for the treatment of renal calculi and upper ureteral calculi. Acute pancreatitis is a serious condition which develops due to multiple etiologic factors and is characterized by autodigestion of the pancreas. A case of acute pancreatitis which developed following ESWL performed for right renal calculi treatment is presented here. How to cite this article Goral V, Sahin E, Arslan M. A Case of Acute Pancreatitis developing after Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy. Euroasian J Hepato-Gastroenterol 2015;5(1):52-54.
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Trotz zunehmender Aufklärung der Pathophysiologie der akuten Pankreatitis ist eine pankreasspezifische Therapie, z. B. eine Hemmung der Proteasen, nicht erfolgreich. Wahrscheinlich greift dieser therapeutische Ansatz zu spät in ...
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Trotz zunehmender Aufklärung der Pathophysiologie der akuten Pankreatitis ist eine pankreasspezifische Therapie, z. B. eine Hemmung der Proteasen, nicht erfolgreich. Wahrscheinlich greift dieser therapeutische Ansatz zu spät in den pathophysiologischen Ablauf ein. Entscheidend ist die Beurteilung des Schweregrades der Erkrankung und ein interdisziplinäres therapeutisches Vorgehen: Schmerztherapie, enterale Ernährung via Ernährungssonde, Behandlung der extrapankreatischen Komplikationen wie Verbrauchskoagulopathie, Ateminsuffizienz und Nierenversagen. Eine Schlüsselstellung liegt in der Bilanzierung der ausgedehnten Flüssigkeitsverluste. Die prophylaktische Antibiotikaapplikation bei Nekrotisierung zur Verhinderung einer Infektion kann erwogen werden. Bei bereits infizierten Nekrosen besteht Operationsindikation. Bei biliärer Pankreatitis erfolgt bei Nachweis von Gallengangssteinen die endoskopische retrograde Cholangiopankreatographie mit Papillotomie und im Intervall die elektive Cholezystektomie.Despite our increasing knowledge in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis therapeutic strategies based on this knowledge, such as inhibition of proteases, are not convincing. It is most likely that these strategies are initiated to late after the onset of pancreatitis. It is of utmost importance to clarify the severity of the disease for planning interdisciplinary approaches: therapy of pain, enteral nutrition via a jejunal tube, as well as treatment of extrapancreatic complications, such as respiratory insufficiency, coagulopathy, and renal insufficiency. A key role plays the exact balance of potential high fluid losses. Prophylactic application of antibiotics such as imipenem in cases of necrotizing pancreatitis to prevent infection is widely used. Infected necroses are an indication for surgery. In biliary pancreatitis one has to remove impacted bile duct stones via ERCP and papillotomy followed by elective cholecystectomy.Schlüsselwörter Akute Pankreatits - Nekrotisierende Pankreatitis - Biliäre Pankreatitis - ERCP - KomplikationenKeywords Acute pancreatitis - Necrotizing pancreatitis - Biliary pancreatitis - ERCP - ComplicationsDie Literatur zu diesem Beitrag finden Sie auf den Seiten XX–XX im Beitrag Mössner J, Keim V: Therapie der chronischen Pankreatitis.
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Background The aims of the present study were: (1) to assess the feasibility and safety of emergency endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and pancreatic duct (PD) stenting with small-caliber stents as a bridging p...
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Background The aims of the present study were: (1) to assess the feasibility and safety of emergency endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and pancreatic duct (PD) stenting with small-caliber stents as a bridging procedure in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) patients in whom biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST) proved difficult, failed or was contraindicated, and (2) to compare the clinical outcome of those patients having emergency ERCP with and without pancreatic stent.
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Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of the pancreas, regional tissues around the pancreas, or remote organ systems. Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common causes of e...
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Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process of the pancreas with variable involvement of the pancreas, regional tissues around the pancreas, or remote organ systems. Acute pancreatitis is one of the most common causes of epigastric pain and numbers of studies have suggested that the disease may be increasing in incidence. The last two decades have seen the emergence of significant evidence that has altered certain aspects of the management of acute pancreatitis. While most cases of acute pancreatitis are mild, the challenge remains in managing the severe cases and the complications associated with acute pancreatitis. Gallstones are still the most common cause with epidemiological trends indicating a rising incidence. The surgical management of acute gallstone pancreatitis has evolved. The present study includes 60 cases of acute pancreatitis admitted in a tertiary care centre. The reason for this conduct was for the evaluation of the etiology, presenting symptoms, investigations, management and complications of acute pancreatitis in a rural set up. Once the diagnosis is made, clinical efforts should simultaneously concentrate on investigating for the underlying etiology and managing the condition by anticipating its complications. Management of acute pancreatitis is largely supportive.
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Background/Aims: The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility and safety of emergency ERCP and pancreatic duct (PD) stenting in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) patients in whom biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy proved di...
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Background/Aims: The aims of this study were to assess the feasibility and safety of emergency ERCP and pancreatic duct (PD) stenting in acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) patients in whom biliary endoscopic sphincterotomy proved difficult, and to compare the clinical outcome of those patients having emergency ERCP without pancreatic stent. Methodology: One hundred and ninety-one consecutive patients with ABP were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned to either the stent group (n=78) or the no-stent group (n=113). In the stent group, 3-5Fr, 5-7cm-long pancreatic stent insertion was initially applied and removed endoscopically 1-2 weeks post-ER-CP. All patients were hospitalized for medical therapy and were followed-up. Results: Mean age, initial symptom-to-ERCP times, Glasgow severity scores and peak amylase and CRP levels at initial presentation were not significantly different in the stent group vs. the no-stent group, and the selective biliary cannulation was achieved in 80% of the stent group and in 94% of the no-stent group (p=0.15). More importantly, the complication rate was significantly lower in the stent group (7.7% vs. 31.9%). There was no difference in mortality between the two groups statistically (1.3% vs. 3.5%). Conclusions: Pancreatic duct stenting is a safe and effective procedure that may afford sufficient PD decompression to reverse the process of ABP, show better outcomes as compared to no-stent group. It is recommended to reduce the incidence of the complication in the emergency ERCP of ABP but difficult sphincterotomy. However, further prospective trials are needed.
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